重排链表
本篇将给出三种C++实现的基础结构方法
数组模拟 双向队列模拟 直接分割链表把链表放进数组中,然后通过双指针法,数据一前一后,需重来遍历数组,排链构造链表。基础结构
代码如下:
class Solution { public: void reorderList(ListNode* head) { vector<ListNode*> vec; ListNode* cur = head; if (cur == nullptr) return; while(cur != nullptr) { vec.push_back(cur); cur = cur->next; } cur = head; int i = 1; int j = vec.size() - 1; // i j为之前前后的数据双指针 int count = 0; // 计数,偶数去后面,需重奇数取前面 while (i <= j) { if (count % 2 == 0) { cur->next = vec[j]; j--; } else { cur->next = vec[i]; i++; } cur = cur->next; count++; } cur->next = nullptr; // 注意结尾 } };把链表放进双向队列,排链然后通过双向队列一前一后弹出数据,基础结构来构造新的数据链表。这种方法比操作数组容易一些,需重不用双指针模拟一前一后了
class Solution { public: void reorderList(ListNode* head) { deque<ListNode*> que; ListNode* cur = head; if (cur == nullptr) return; while(cur->next != nullptr) { que.push_back(cur->next); cur = cur->next; } cur = head; int count = 0; // 计数,排链偶数去后面,基础结构奇数取前面 ListNode* node; while(que.size()) { if (count % 2 == 0) { node = que.back(); que.pop_back(); } else { node = que.front(); que.pop_front(); } count++; cur->next = node; cur = cur->next; } cur->next = nullptr; // 注意结尾 } };将链表分割成两个链表,数据然后把第二个链表反转,需重之后在通过两个链表拼接成新的链表。
如图:
这种方法,比较难,高防服务器平均切割链表,看上去很简单,真正代码写的时候有很多细节,同时两个链表最后拼装整一个新的链表也有一些细节需要注意!
代码如下:
class Solution { private: // 反转链表 ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head) { ListNode* temp; // 保存cur的下一个节点 ListNode* cur = head; ListNode* pre = NULL; while(cur) { temp = cur->next; // 保存一下 cur的下一个节点,因为接下来要改变cur->next cur->next = pre; // 翻转操作 // 更新pre 和 cur指针 pre = cur; cur = temp; } return pre; } public: void reorderList(ListNode* head) { if (head == nullptr) return; // 使用快慢指针法,将链表分成长度均等的两个链表head1和head2 // 如果总链表长度为奇数,则head1相对head2多一个节点 ListNode* fast = head; ListNode* slow = head; while (fast && fast->next && fast->next->next) { fast = fast->next->next; slow = slow->next; } ListNode* head1 = head; ListNode* head2; head2 = slow->next; slow->next = nullptr; // 对head2进行翻转 head2 = reverseList(head2); // 将head1和head2交替生成新的链表head ListNode* cur1 = head1; ListNode* cur2 = head2; ListNode* cur = head; cur1 = cur1->next; int count = 0; // 偶数取head2的元素,奇数取head1的元素 while (cur1 && cur2) { if (count % 2 == 0) { cur->next = cur2; cur2 = cur2->next; } else { cur->next = cur1; cur1 = cur1->next; } count++; cur = cur->next; } if (cur2 != nullptr) { // 处理结尾 cur->next = cur2; } if (cur1 != nullptr) { cur->next = cur1; } } };Java
// 方法三 public class ReorderList { public void reorderList(ListNode head) { ListNode fast = head, slow = head; //求出中点 while (fast.next != null && fast.next.next != null) { slow = slow.next; fast = fast.next.next; } //right就是右半部分 12345 就是45 1234 就是34 ListNode right = slow.next; //断开左部分和右部分 slow.next = null; //反转右部分 right就是反转后右部分的起点 right = reverseList(right); //左部分的源码库起点 ListNode left = head; //进行左右部分来回连接 //这里左部分的节点个数一定大于等于右部分的节点个数 因此只判断right即可 while (right != null) { ListNode curLeft = left.next; left.next = right; left = curLeft; ListNode curRight = right.next; right.next = left; right = curRight; } } public ListNode reverseList(ListNode head) { ListNode headNode = new ListNode(0); ListNode cur = head; ListNode next = null; while (cur != null) { next = cur.next; cur.next = headNode.next; headNode.next = cur; cur = next; } return headNode.next; } } // 方法一 Java实现,使用数组存储节点 class Solution { public void reorderList(ListNode head) { // 双指针的做法 ListNode cur = head; // ArrayList底层是数组,可以使用下标随机访问 List<ListNode> list = new ArrayList<>(); while (cur != null){ list.add(cur); cur = cur.next; } cur = head; // 重新回到头部 int l = 1, r = list.size() - 1; // 注意左边是从1开始 int count = 0; while (l <= r){ if (count % 2 == 0){ // 偶数 cur.next = list.get(r); r--; }else { // 奇数 cur.next = list.get(l); l++; } // 每一次指针都需要移动 cur = cur.next; count++; } // 注意结尾要结束一波 cur.next = null; } } // 方法二:使用双端队列,简化了数组的操作,代码相对于前者更简洁(避免一些边界条件) class Solution { public void reorderList(ListNode head) { // 使用双端队列的方法来解决 Deque<ListNode> de = new LinkedList<>(); // 这里是取head的下一个节点,head不需要再入队了,避免造成重复 ListNode cur = head.next; while (cur != null){ de.offer(cur); cur = cur.next; } cur = head; // 回到头部 int count = 0; while (!de.isEmpty()){ if (count % 2 == 0){ // 偶数,取出队列右边尾部的值 cur.next = de.pollLast(); }else { // 奇数,取出队列左边头部的值 cur.next = de.poll(); } cur = cur.next; count++; } cur.next = null; } }Python
# 方法二 双向队列 class Solution: def reorderList(self, head: ListNode) -> None: """ Do not return anything, modify head in-place instead. """ d = collections.deque() tmp = head while tmp.next: # 链表除了首元素全部加入双向队列 d.append(tmp.next) tmp = tmp.next tmp = head while len(d): # 一后一前加入链表 tmp.next = d.pop() tmp = tmp.next if len(d): tmp.next = d.popleft() tmp = tmp.next tmp.next = None # 尾部置空 # 方法三 反转链表 class Solution: def reorderList(self, head: ListNode) -> None: if head == None or head.next == None: return True slow, fast = head, head while fast and fast.next: slow = slow.next fast = fast.next.next right = slow.next # 分割右半边 slow.next = None # 切断 right = self.reverseList(right) #反转右半边 left = head # 左半边一定比右半边长, 因此判断右半边即可 while right: curLeft = left.next left.next = right left = curLeft curRight = right.next right.next = left right = curRight def reverseList(self, head: ListNode) -> ListNode: cur = head pre = None while(cur!=None): temp = cur.next # 保存一下cur的下一个节点 cur.next = pre # 反转 pre = cur cur = temp return pre 云服务器